BAJMC NOTES

Caption writing in mass communication is the craft of creating concise, engaging, and informative text that accompanies visuals, such as photos or videos, in media like newspapers, magazines, television, and online platforms. Here are 10 key points about it: 1. Conciseness: Captions are brief, providing just enough information to enhance the viewer's understanding of the image or video without overwhelming them with text. 2. Clarity: They must be clear and easy to understand, often summarizing the key point or context of the visual content. 3. Accuracy: Captions should provide factual information, ensuring that they don't mislead the audience about the content of the image or video. 4. Engagement: A well-written caption should engage the audience and encourage them to think or respond emotionally to the visual content. 5. Context* It provides essential background or explanation, helping the audience understand what they’re seeing and why it matters in relation to the larger sto...

Principle of design and layout in print media 1. Balance - **Symmetrical Balance**: Elements are evenly distributed around a central axis. This creates a formal and stable look. - **Asymmetrical Balance**: Unequal distribution of elements creates visual tension and interest. It feels more dynamic and modern. 2. Contrast - **Types of Contrast**: Can be achieved through color (light vs. dark), size (large vs. small), and shape (round vs. angular).  - **Purpose**: Contrast helps important elements stand out, making the layout more engaging and easier to navigate. 3. Alignment - **Types of Alignment**: Left-aligned, right-aligned, centered, or justified.  - **Effect**: Proper alignment creates a structured layout that guides the reader’s eye and contributes to a professional look. 4. Repetition - **Consistency**: Repeating colors, fonts, and design elements creates a sense of familiarity and cohesiveness. - **Brand Identity**: Helps establish and reinforce brand recognition throu...

 Special supplements of newspapers are additional sections or publications that are often included with the main newspaper. They typically focus on a specific topic or event and can vary in frequency, length, and content. Here are some common types of special supplements: Thematic Supplements : Health & Wellness : These supplements delve into various aspects of health, including mental well-being, fitness routines, nutritional advice, and the latest developments in medical science. They might feature interviews with doctors, success stories from individuals who overcame health challenges, and reviews of new health products or services. These supplements often coincide with public health awareness campaigns or significant health-related events like World Health Day. Education : Education supplements are typically timed around the start of a new academic year, exam periods, or during major education events. They cover topics such as the best schools and universities, scholarship ...

 The press in India has a rich and complex history that reflects the country's diverse cultures, languages, and political developments. Here’s an overview of its origin and development: Early Beginnings Pre-Colonial Period : Before the advent of the print media, information was disseminated through oral traditions, handwritten manuscripts, and local newsletters. Ancient Indian texts, such as those in Sanskrit, Tamil, and other languages, were preserved and shared in manuscript form. Colonial Era Early Printing Press : The printing press arrived in India with European colonists in the 16th century. The Portuguese were among the first to introduce printing technology, with the first book printed in India being a Portuguese manual in 1556. First Indian Newspaper : The first Indian newspaper was the “Hicky's Bengal Gazette” , founded by James Augustus Hicky in 1780. It was an English-language weekly published in Calcutta (now Kolkata). This newspaper is notable for its critical sta...

  The Right to Information Act, 2005 is an Indian legislation that was enacted to promote transparency and accountability in the functioning of government institutions. It allows citizens of India to request information from public authorities, thereby enhancing transparency and reducing corruption. Here are some key points about the RTI Act, 2005: Purpose: The primary objective of the RTI Act is to empower citizens by providing them with the right to access information held by public authorities. It aims to promote openness, accountability, and democratic governance. Applicability: The Act is applicable to all government departments, ministries, and public authorities at the central, state, and local levels, including government-funded organizations and bodies. Information Covered: Citizens can request information related to the functioning and decision-making processes of public authorities. This includes records, documents, fi...

  The Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986, is an Indian law enacted to prohibit the indecent representation of women through advertisements, publications, writings, paintings, figures, or in any other manner. The primary objective of this legislation is to prevent the portrayal of women in a derogatory or degrading manner that promotes discrimination or is likely to harm women's dignity. Key provisions of the Indecent Representation of Women Act: Prohibition : The Act prohibits the creation, publication, distribution, or exhibition of any material that contains indecent representation of women. This includes any material that is obscene, appeals to prurient interests, or is likely to deprave or corrupt the audience. Definition of Indecent Representation : The Act provides a broad definition of indecent representation, encompassing various forms of media, including advertisements, books, films, paintings, sculptures, an...

The Copyright Act in India is a legal framework that governs copyright protection for various forms of creative works. the Copyright Act in India is based on the Copyright Act of 1957, which has been amended several times to adapt to changing technological and legal landscapes. Please note that there may have been further amendments or developments in the law since then, so it's important to consult the latest legal sources and experts for the most up-to-date information. Here are some key points about the Copyright Act in India: Scope of Protection : The Copyright Act protects original literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works, as well as cinematographic films and sound recordings. It covers a wide range of creative works, including books, music, paintings, films, computer software, and more. Author's Rights : Copyright is granted to the author or creator of the work. In the case of works created during employment, the employer may be ...

    The objective of this Act is to regulate certain conditions of service of working journalists and other persons employed in newspaper establishments. The Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955 is a welfare measure meant to regulate conditions of service of the people employed in the newspaper industry. The provision relate mainly to; (a) Special provision in respect of certain cases of retrenchment, (b) Payment of gratuity (c) Hours of work (d) Leave (e) Fixation of revision of rates of wages (f) Enforcement of the recommendations of the wage fixation machinery, i.e., wage board and wage tribunals (g) Employees provident fund and (h) Recovery of money due from the employer HOURS OF WORK Section 6 of the Act provides for the hours of work. Under this section no working journalist shall be required or allowed to work in any newspaper establishment for more than one hundred and forty...

  The Official Secrets Act in India is a piece of legislation that was originally enacted by the British colonial government in 1923. It was primarily designed to safeguard official government secrets and prevent unauthorized disclosure of sensitive information that could harm the interests of the state or national security. The act was later adopted and retained by the Indian government after gaining independence in 1947, with some amendments over the years. Key points about the Official Secrets Act in India include: Purpose: The primary purpose of the Official Secrets Act is to protect sensitive government information and maintain the confidentiality of official documents. Scope: The act applies to government officials and individuals who have access to classified or confidential information. It prohibits the communication, possession, or dissemination of such information without authorization. Penalties: Violations of the Official Sec...

  The Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867 is an important piece of legislation in India that regulates the printing and publishing of newspapers and books. Here are some key points about this Act: Purpose : The primary purpose of the Press and Registration of Books Act, 1867 is to ensure that publications in India are properly registered and to prevent the misuse of printing presses for seditious purposes. Registration of Newspapers : The Act requires the registration of all newspapers and books that are printed in India. This registration is done with the appropriate government authorities. Publisher's Declaration : The person who intends to publish a newspaper or book must make a declaration before a magistrate. This declaration includes information about the name of the publication, the place of publication, the frequency of publication, and the name of the editor. Security Deposit : Publishers are typically ...

  The regulation of cinematography and the film industry in India falls under the Cinematograph Act, 1952, along with the Cinematograph (Certification) Rules, 1983. These laws govern the certification and exhibition of films in India. Here are some key points related to the Cinematograph Act, 1952: Censorship and Certification : The Act provides for the certification of films for public exhibition. Films are categorized into various categories like "U" (Universal), "A" (Adult), etc., based on their content. The Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) is responsible for the certification of films under this act. Film Exhibition : The act also regulates the exhibition of films in India. It empowers the government to make rules regarding the licensing of cinemas and the conditions under which films can be exhibited. Film Piracy : The Act contains provisions related to film piracy, making it illegal to make ...

  The Information Technology Act, 2000, often abbreviated as the IT Act 2000, is an important piece of legislation in India that deals with various aspects of electronic commerce, digital signatures, cybersecurity, and the legal framework for electronic transactions. It was enacted by the Indian government to provide legal recognition to electronic commerce and to facilitate electronic governance by establishing a legal framework for electronic records and digital signatures. Here are some key points about the Information Technology Act, 2000: Objective : The primary objective of the IT Act 2000 is to provide legal recognition for electronic transactions, facilitate electronic commerce, and promote secure and efficient use of electronic records and digital signatures. Digital Signatures : The Act provides legal recognition to digital signatures and sets out the regulatory framework for certifying authorities who issue digital certificates. Elec...

The Cable Television Networks (Regulation) Act, 1995 is an Indian legislation that was enacted to regulate the operation of cable television networks in India. It aims to ensure that cable television services are provided in a manner that is conducive to the public interest, preserves the sovereignty of the nation, and upholds the cultural and social values of the country. Here are some key provisions and aspects of the Cable Television Network Regulation Act, 1995: Licensing : Cable operators are required to obtain licenses from the appropriate authorities to operate cable television networks in India. Content Regulation : The Act provides guidelines for the content that can be broadcast on cable television networks. It prohibits the transmission of content that is obscene, defamatory, or incites violence. It also prohibits the transmission of content that offends religious or cultural sensitivities. Advertisements : The Act regulates th...

  The Prasar Bharati Act, 1990, is a significant piece of legislation in India that established the Prasar Bharati Corporation. Prasar Bharati is an autonomous body that governs and manages the public broadcasting service in India, which includes the All India Radio (AIR) and Doordarshan (DD), the country's national radio and television networks, respectively. Here are some key points about the Prasar Bharati Act: Establishment : The Prasar Bharati Act was enacted on September 15, 1990, and it came into effect on November 15, 1997. It was established to ensure the autonomy and independence of the public broadcasting services in India. Autonomous Corporation : Prasar Bharati is established as an autonomous corporation, which means it has a certain degree of independence from government control in its day-to-day operations and programming decisions. Mandate : The primary objective of Prasar Bharati is to provide public broadcasting se...

  Advertisements must be truthful. All descriptions, claims and comparisons, which are related to matters of objectively ascertainable fact, should be capable of substantiation. Advertisers and advertising agencies are required to produce such substantiation as and when called upon to do so by the Advertising Standards Council of India. ·          Where advertising claims are expressly stated to be based on, or supported by independent research or assessment, the source and date of this should be indicated in the advertisement. ·          Advertisements should not contain any reference to any person, firm or institution without due permission, nor should a picture of any generally identifiable person be used in advertising without due permission. ·          Advertisements shall not distort facts nor mislead the consumer by means of implications or omissions....

  1. Advertising shall be so designed as to conform to the laws of the countryand should not offend morality, decency and religious susceptibilities of thepeople. 2. No Advertisement shall be permitted which- (i) derides any race, caste, colour, creed and nationality; (ii) is against any of the directive principles, or any other provision of theConstitution of India; (iii) tends to incite people to crime, cause disorder or violence, or breach oflaw or glorifies violence or obscenity in any way; (iv) presents criminality as desirable; (v) adversely affects friendly relations with foreign States; (vi) exploits the national emblem, or any part of the constitution or respectedleaders, state dignitaries, Gods and Prophets belonging to variousreligions (vii) relates to or promotes cigarettes and tobacco products, liquor, wines andother intoxicants either directly or indirectly. (viii) in its depiction of women violates the constitutional guarantees to allcitizens such a...