BAJMC NOTES

  WRITING AND EDITING MESSAGES FOR CELLULAR TELEPHONY Writing and editing messages for cellular telephony can be a crucial task in ensuring effective communication between individuals or businesses. Here are some tips for writing and editing messages for cellular telephony: Keep it concise: Due to the limited character count on SMS, it's important to keep your message short and to the point. Stick to the most important information and avoid using unnecessary words. Use clear and simple language: Avoid using jargon or complex words that may confuse the recipient. Use simple language that is easy to understand. Check spelling and grammar: Even though SMS messaging is more casual, it's still important to use proper spelling and grammar. Double-check your messages for any spelling or grammatical errors. Avoid using all caps: Writing in all caps can be interpreted as yelling or being aggressive. Use proper capitalization ...

  VIDEO AND SOUND EDITING Video editing refers to the process of manipulating and rearranging video shots to create a new work. It is the art of storytelling through the use of visuals, music, and sound effects. Video editing can be done using various software tools like Adobe Premiere, Final Cut Pro, and iMovie, among others. The video editing process typically involves the following steps: 1.      Importing: The first step in video editing is to import the raw footage into the editing software. This can be done by connecting the camera or memory card to the computer or by using a file transfer method. 2.      Organizing: Once the footage is imported, the editor needs to organize it in a way that makes it easy to find and work with. This can be done by creating folders, labeling files, and creating a storyboard or script. 3.      Editing: The editing process involves cutting and rearranging clips, adding transit...

  USE OF CELL PHONE FOR NEWS GATHERING AND TRANSMISSION Cell phones have become a powerful tool for news gathering and transmission. With the advent of smartphones, reporters and journalists can use their cell phones to gather news in real-time and transmit it to their audience instantly. Here are some ways cell phones are used for news gathering and transmission: Recording Audio and Video: With the high-quality cameras and microphones on modern smartphones, reporters can easily record audio and video interviews and events on the go. They can then edit and upload the footage to their news outlet's website or social media platforms. Live Streaming: Many cell phones allow reporters to live stream video directly to their news outlet's website or social media pages. This allows viewers to watch events as they happen, providing a real-time experience. Social Media Reporting: Cell phones have made it easy for reporters to provide ...

  MULTIMEDIA FUNCTIONS OF CELL PHONE Cell phones are not just devices for making phone calls and sending messages, they also come with a range of multimedia functions that allow users to capture, store, and share various types of media such as photos, videos, music, and more. Some of the multimedia functions of cell phones include: 1.      Camera: Cell phones are equipped with cameras that allow users to capture photos and videos. These cameras have come a long way and can now produce high-quality images and videos, making cell phones a popular alternative to traditional digital cameras. 2.      Video Recording: Cell phones also allow users to record videos, which can be useful for capturing important moments or creating content for social media. Most modern cell phones can record high-definition (HD) videos and even 4K resolution videos. 3.      Music Player: Many cell phones come with built-in music players that ...

  DUBBING: TECHNIQUES AND TOOLS Dubbing is the process of replacing the original voice track of a film or video with a new one in a different language. It involves several techniques and tools that are used to synchronize the new voice track with the original visual content. Here are some of the most common techniques and tools used in dubbing: Lip-sync: This technique involves matching the new dialogue with the lip movements of the actors in the original video. This is done by carefully timing the new dialogue with the visual content, so that the mouth movements of the new actor closely match those of the original actor. Voiceover: This technique involves recording a new voice track over the original dialogue without attempting to match lip movements. This is typically used in situations where lip-syncing is not possible, such as in documentaries or news broadcasts. ADR (Automated Dialogue Replacement): ADR involves re-recordi...

  AUDIO EDITING TECHNIQUES Audio editing techniques refer to various methods and processes used to manipulate and enhance audio recordings. Here are some common audio editing techniques: 1.      Cutting and trimming: This involves removing unwanted sections of audio, such as pauses, breaths, or mistakes, to make the recording more concise. 2.      Crossfading: This technique involves blending two audio tracks together so that they transition smoothly from one to the other. 3.      EQ and filtering: Equalization and filtering can be used to adjust the balance of frequencies in a recording. For example, you can use EQ to enhance the bass or treble, or filter out unwanted noise. 4.      Compression: Compression can be used to even out the volume of a recording by reducing the dynamic range. 5.      Noise reduction: This technique involves removing unwanted background noise f...

  AUDIO EDITING:  DIFFERENT SOFTWARE There are many audio editing software available in the market, ranging from simple free tools to professional-grade applications with advanced features. Here are some popular audio editing software: 1.      Audacity: Audacity is a free, open-source audio editing software that offers basic audio editing functions such as cutting, copying, and pasting audio. It also offers features such as noise reduction and audio effects. 2.      Adobe Audition: Adobe Audition is a professional-grade audio editing software that offers a wide range of advanced features such as multi-track editing, noise reduction, and audio restoration. It also offers support for third-party plugins. 3.      GarageBand: GarageBand is a free audio editing software designed for Mac users. It offers a user-friendly interface and a range of features such as multi-track recording, audio effects, and virtual instr...

  SPORTS AND BUSINESS PAGE The sports and business pages are two important sections in a newspaper that cover news and information related to sports and business, respectively. The sports page typically includes articles, photographs, and other content related to various sports, teams, players, and events. This can include coverage of professional and amateur sports leagues, major sporting events such as the Olympics or the World Cup, individual sports such as golf or tennis, and local or regional sports teams. Sports pages may also include features on athletes, analysis of games and events, and opinion pieces from sports commentators and experts. The business page, on the other hand, is dedicated to news and information related to the world of business and finance. This can include coverage of stock markets, corporate earnings reports, mergers and acquisitions, industry trends, and profiles of business leaders and entrepreneurs. Business pages may also feature articles on pe...

  Photo Editing Photo editing is a crucial aspect of newspaper production. It involves the process of enhancing or modifying digital images to make them more suitable for publishing in print or online. Photo editing is used to ensure that images are clear, visually appealing, and help to convey the message of the article. The use of photo editing in newspapers includes: Enhancing image quality: Photo editors use software tools to improve the overall quality of an image, including brightness, contrast, and sharpness. Correcting color balance: Sometimes, images may appear with unnatural colors or a color cast that needs to be corrected to give a more natural and pleasing appearance. Removing unwanted objects: Sometimes, unwanted objects or people may appear in an image, which can be removed using photo editing tools. Cropping and resizing: Photo editors crop images to remove unwanted parts or resize them to fit the space avai...

  PAGE MAKE UP:  TYPE AND IMPORTANCE Page layout or page makeup is the arrangement of text, images, and other design elements on a page. It plays a crucial role in media, including print and digital media, as it helps to organize and present information in an aesthetically pleasing and engaging way. There are several types of page layouts, including: Grid layout: This layout uses a series of horizontal and vertical lines to create a grid of boxes on the page. Each box can contain text or images, and the layout is often used for magazines, newspapers, and websites. Hierarchical layout: This layout uses different font sizes, colors, and spacing to create a hierarchy of information on the page. The most important information is usually given more prominence, while less important information is smaller or less noticeable. Modular layout: This layout uses a series of interconnected boxes or modules to create a cohesive design...

  HEADLINE: IMPORTANCE, NEED AND TYPES Headlines are an essential component of any newspaper or news source. They are brief, attention-grabbing phrases that summarize the main point of an article or news story. Headlines are important because they serve as a hook for readers, enticing them to read the article and providing a snapshot of what they can expect to learn. There are several types of headlines that serve different purposes in a newspaper: Straight headlines: These headlines are the most common type and are used to convey the most important information about a news story in a clear and concise manner. Question headlines: These headlines pose a question to the reader, encouraging them to read the article to find the answer. Command headlines: These headlines issue a command or instruction to the reader, often used in opinion or editorial pieces. Shock headlines: These headlines are designed to shock or surprise the reade...

  Editorial Page: Content and Importance An editorial page is a section of a newspaper, magazine, or online publication that features opinion articles written by journalists, experts, and other commentators. These articles provide a forum for expressing views and ideas on a wide range of topics, from politics and economics to social issues and culture. The content of an editorial page typically includes editorial columns, op-ed pieces, letters to the editor, and cartoons or illustrations. Editorial columns are written by the publication's staff or by regular contributors, and they often express the publication's stance on important issues. Op-ed pieces, on the other hand, are written by outside contributors and represent a range of perspectives. Letters to the editor are written by readers in response to articles or opinion pieces published in the paper. They provide an opportunity for readers to voice their opinions and engage in dialogue with the publication's edito...

  Caption Writing Caption writing is the process of crafting a short and concise description of an image, video or graphic that provides context and information to the audience. Captions are typically used in news articles, social media posts, and other visual media. In news reporting, captions serve an essential role in providing readers with a visual representation of the story. They help to provide context and information that may not be immediately apparent from the image itself, such as the location, date, and time of the event. Captions can also be used to draw the reader's attention to important details in the image or video, highlight key aspects of the story, or provide additional background information that may not be included in the main article. Effective caption writing is critical in news reporting, as it can help to engage the reader and make the story more compelling. A well-crafted caption can also help to establish the credibility of the publication and de...

  Parts of a News Story A news story typically includes the following parts: Headline: The title or headline of a news story should be concise and attention-grabbing. It should summarize the main point of the story and entice the reader to read further. Byline: The byline identifies the author of the news story. Lead or lede: The lead is the opening paragraph of a news story. It should summarize the most important aspects of the story and answer the five Ws (who, what, when, where, why) and the H (how). Body: The body of a news story provides additional details and background information about the story. It includes quotes from sources, facts, statistics, and other relevant information. Quotes: Direct quotes from sources help to provide context and give the reader a sense of the opinions and attitudes of the people involved in the story. Attribution: Attribution identifies the sources of information us...

  Leads and Intro, Its Need and Types In journalism, the lead and intro (short for an introduction) are the opening sentences or paragraphs of a news article. The lead is the first sentence or paragraph, and its purpose is to grab the reader's attention and provide a concise summary of the story. The intro is the following sentences or paragraphs that provide more context and detail about the story. The lead and intro are critical components of a news article because they determine whether the reader will continue reading or move on to another article. They must be engaging and informative, providing the reader with a clear understanding of the story's most important aspects. There are several types of leads and intros that journalists use to capture the reader's attention and provide context for the story: Straight news lead: This is the most common type of lead used in news reporting. It provides the most important information about the story, includin...

  Inverted Pyramid and Diamond Style In journalism, there are two common styles of writing news articles: the inverted pyramid style and the diamond style. The inverted pyramid style is a traditional news writing style that involves placing the most important information at the beginning of the article and then progressively less important information in descending order. This style is called an inverted pyramid because it resembles an upside-down pyramid, with the broadest and most important information at the top and the more specific and detailed information at the bottom. The diamond style, on the other hand, is a more modern approach to news writing that involves organizing the information in a way that is more engaging and interesting for readers. The diamond style still places the most important information at the beginning of the article, but then it presents the information in a way that creates a narrative arc, drawing the reader in and building suspense. This sty...

  Hierarchy of News Room in News Paper In a traditional newspaper newsroom, the hierarchy typically includes the following roles: Editor-in-chief: The highest-ranking member of the newsroom, responsible for overseeing the entire operation and making final decisions on all editorial content. Managing editor: Second-in-command to the editor-in-chief, responsible for managing the day-to-day operations of the newsroom and coordinating with other departments such as advertising and production. Section editors: In charge of specific sections of the newspaper, such as news, sports, features, or opinion. They are responsible for assigning and editing stories within their section. Reporters: Cover stories and events, conduct interviews, and write articles for the newspaper. Reporters may specialize in a particular area such as politics, business, or crime. Copy editors: Responsible for checking articles for accuracy, ...