LINEAR AND NON LINEAR EDITING

 

LINEAR EDITING

Linear editing is nothing but to make a copy of the selected portions from the shot tapes onto another tape called the master tape in the recorder. It can be compared to manual type writing that is, it needs to be done in the final sequence otherwise every time there is a change an entire sequence will need to be redone.

Linear Editing Systems

Linear editing systems require edits to be made in a linear fashion; i.e., in a 1-2-3 sequence. In a typical project this would mean that you would start by editing in the countdown leader, followed by scene one, followed by scene, two, etc.

The concept behind linear editing is simple: one or more tapes containing the original footage are transferred (recorded) segment by segment onto a tape in a video recorder. In the process, the original segments can be shortened and rearranged, bad shots can be removed, and audio and video effects can be added.The source machine(s) contain the original footage and the edit recorder, which is controlled by an edit controller, is used to record the final edited master.

Insert and Assemble Editing

There are two types of edits you can make in linear editing. When you use assemble editing you add video and audio segments, one after another like links on a chain, complete with the associated control track. As we've noted, the control track is difficult to record with unerring precision with each and every edit. Any timing error during this basically mechanical process results in a glitch in the video. For this reason, assemble editing is not the preferred approach. It's used primarily when a few segments need to be spliced together in a hurry.

 

 

NON-LINEAR EDITING

Objectives

ÿ Understanding Nonlinear editing systems

ÿ Understanding video servers

ÿ Understanding advantages of nonlinear editing techniques

Introduction

As we have discussed the linear editing in detail, editing with computers will be more interesting to you. The difference in these to systems is that if linear editing was like typing on the manual type writer nonlinear editing is like working on the computer.

Nonlinear editing

Nonlinear editing (also called random-access editing) is a little like working with a sophisticated word processor; it allows segments to be inserted, deleted, and moved around at any point in the editing process. In random-access editing the original video segments are digitized (assuming they are not in digital form when they come out of the camera) and transferred to computer hard disks. The editing system can access them in any order, almost instantly. During nonlinear editing, a wide range of special effects can be added, including fades, dissolves, keyed-in words, and scene-to-scene color correction.

A full range of audio enhancements can also be added, including sound effects. With many systems it's even possible to slightly compress or expand the length of audio and video segments. There are dozens of editing programs available, all of them different in their operation and on-screen configuration. Consequently, this discussion must by necessity stick to generalities.

 

Simple editing systems typically display the opening (and sometimes closing) frames of the various video clips you've loaded into the system. Using a mouse, you can drag the represented segments onto the timeline in whatever sequence you want. At the same time, you can trim (cut the beginning and ending points) of the clips (the original segments that have been recorded on the computer hard disk)

Laptop Editing Systems

There are two types of laptop editing systems: dedicated and computer based.An example of a dedicated system is this Panasonic field editing unit, primarily used in news work. Note that thereare controls designed exclusively for video and audio editing. With computer-based systems, such as the one below, you have the advantage of a wide variety of "off the shelf" laptop computers, plus the software can be readily switched and upgraded. In addition to editing, computer-based systems can accommodate programs used to write new scripts

Computer-based editing used to be confined to especially modified (souped up) desktop computers; but, as we've noted, in recent years laptop computers have become so powerful in terms of processor speed, memory, and hard disk capacity, that they can do most anything desktop systems can.

NLE- Editing-Advantages

With the development of the PC, has come the ability to edit video in the computer. Thisform of editing willproduce the bestprograms, but is also themost time consuming.With that said will ignorethe time consuming part.

The Advantages

1. Many layers of Video

2. Many layers of Audio

3. Better titling

4. Transitions are easy

5. Everything can be changed - (in tape to tape if you want to remove a section in themiddle - you have to start over with the edit at that point)

6. The video footage can have the color and quality adjusted.

7. There is no GENERERATION LOSS - (generation loss is the big problem with tape totape editing - every time you copy a tape you loose quality)

8. Paint shop programs can be used

9. Word processing programs can be used

10. Internet pages can be included.